Nepal has a geographical area as large as that of Bangladesh the archetype of a densely populated c^juntry - but lass than a sixth of the population of the latter.The low density of population is largely misleading., however, in view of the scarcity of cultivable land. In terms of cultivated land per person., Nepal is one of the roast land-scarce countries of the world. Since agriculture is the main source of livelihood for an overwhelming proportion of Nepal's population., this puts a severe constraint or. the ability to generate employment and income.A second characteristic of Tieral. that deserves to be noted is the natural division of the country into three distinct altitudinal regions, the plains in the south (known as terai)., the hills in the middle and the mountains in the north, such a topography has made it very difficult to connect the- whole country by a transport network. As a result, the mobility of good.s is limited and the cost of such mobility very high. The difficult terrain and the dispersion of population over a large area makes the per capita cost of providing transport and infrastructural facilities extremely high.Nepal suffers from the serious disadvantage of being a landlocked country. This problem is exacerbated by the existence of a long and open border with the- economically overwhelming neighbour India. These two factors have.--very serious and far-reaching consequences for economic policy in Nepal, To illustrate some of these consequences, in addition to the high cost of transport and trans-shipment has to be in a the factor free trading situation with respect to a large economy the reduction structure of which is characterized by too many distortions.The usual instruments of tariff and import licensing cannot be involved to provide protection either to legitimate 'infant industries' or from the effects of the distortions of the production structure of its neighbour.Finally, one should note that in Nepal the usual social stratification labour force surveys or family budget surveys in Nepal. Planning Commission's Survey on employment, Income Distribution and Consumption in the mid 1970s; which is yet to be processed fully, is the only attempt to collect information on employment and consumption characteristics of the households for the whole of Nepal, due to unequal distribution of incomes and assets, is exacerbated by extreme regional differences (between the altitudinal regions).. The poorest of the Nepalese usually belong to communities that are remote and inaccessible. The task of basic needs planning is made greatly difficult for employment characteristics and their change overtime one can also use the limited information of the population censuses. For estimates of consumption and shortfall from basic needs one still does not have any comprehensive alternative source for rural Nepal which accounts for more things per cent of the country's population by these circumstances.
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Publisher:
ILO
,
(1982
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Type / Script:
Publication
in English
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Keywords:
EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT POLICY, EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS, EMPLOYMENT SERVICES, EMPLOYMENT POLICY, POPULATION, FORCED LABOUR, BASIC NEEDS, AGRICULTURE, COMMUNICATION, CROP, CROP PRODUCTION, HEALTH, FOOD, EDUCATION, POVERTY, LITERACY, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD GRAINS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, INDUSTRIALIZATION
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Thematic Group:
ILO
:
International Labor & Labor
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Thesaurus:
12.01.00
- Employment Promotion And Planning
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Reference Link:
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