Foreign aid in Nepal has been an early fifties phenomenon right after the first democratic movement in 1951 in Nepal. Foreign aid, since then, is thought to be instrumental in achieving the socio-economic development of Nepal. Foreign aid to this end amounts 26 percent, about 5.4 per cent of GDP, of national budget covering most of the capital expenditure (Ministry of Finance, 2013, p.14). More than 40 development partners (DPs), both bilateral and multi-lateral, hundreds of civil society organizations (CSOs), international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) and individual donors are contributing in Nepal's development efforts in the form of grants, loan and technical assistance including external volunteers. The sector covered by foreign aid are education, agriculture, commerce, communications, constitutional bodies, drinking water, economic reform, electricity, environment/science and technology, financial services, health, industry, financial reform, forestry, local development, labour, livelihood, irrigation, urban development, women/children and social welfare, youth/sports and culture, peace and reconstruction, road transportation and so forth (Refer Table 1 in the annex). The support modalities, as shown in diagram1, are Programme Support (23 %), Project Support (54 %), SWAp (17 %), others (3 %), Humanitarian Assistance (2%) and Budget Support (1 %) (MOF, 2014, p. 12). The mode of payment as such comprises of Cash, Commodity, Reimbursable and Direct Payment (Ibid, p. v). As shown in the diagram 2, the aid modalities in education are SWAp (73 %), Project Support (16 %), Programme Support (10 %) and others (1 %). Education for All (EFA), 2004-2009, was the pioneering endeavour which introduced joint financing arrangement that provided a broader framework for consolidation and harmonization of resources and system of financial monitoring and reporting requirement. However, the SWAp got added momentum especially with the initiation of School Sector Reform Programme (SSRP), 2009-2015. The types of total commitments for the ongoing projects are Grant Aid (77 %), Loan (18 %) and TA (5 %) as illustrated in the diagram 3. The Development Cooperation Report (DCR), 2012 2013 published by the Ministry of Finance (MOF) reveals that education is the top sector receiving US $140.72 million (14.67%) as per the disbursement of 2012-2013 (MOF, 2014, p. 20).
#Education #Development #Financial #UNESCO #2015
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Publisher:
UNESCO
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(2015
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Type / Script:
Official Document
in English
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Keywords:
FOREIGN AID, FOREIGN POLICY, TECHNICAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL, INFRASTUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, FOREIGN RELATIONS, GOVERNANCE, MANAGEMENT, INTERVENTION, CAPACITY BUILDING, EMERGENCY RELIEF, HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE, EDUCATION FOR ALL, INFORMATION, AGRICULTURE, FINANCIAL REFORM, POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT, WOMEN, SOCIAL WELFARE, ROAD TRANSPORTATION, LITERACY, INSTITUTIONS
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Thematic Group: UNESCO
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Educational, Scientific and Cultural
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Thesaurus:
02.04.00
- Development
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Reference Link:
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