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Abstract:
There is national action plan for ECD in place with specific targets and strategies with costed action plan. The country has set a target to cover 80% of the children aged 3-5 with ECD services by the year 2015. It has also targeted to have 80% new entrants at grade 1 with ECD exposure by the same year. The strategies to achieve this target are i) building coordination, networking and partnership with related organizations including CBOs, NGOs, INGOs, and UN organizations; ii) decentralized management; iii) community involvement; iv) human resource development and ; v) use of communication and mass media.
There is an estimated costing of the tasks which is about NRs. 60979.8 million. The government contribution is expected to be about 8.5% of this budget followed about 17% contributions of donors and 74.5% contributions from the community/parents. The costing is also made by major time line, i.e. the national development plans periods. The current Government annual expenditure of the year 2005/6 is about Rs. 177.5 million. There is likely to be funding gap if the current trend continues without major expansion.
The government has prepared strategies in the national development plans and is reflected in the working documents of EFA core document as well as ASIP. Policy measures are taken to support the implementation of the strategies. The major policy focus is to provide ECD as per demands from the communities. The government provisions are focused to the disadvantaged pockets of the country, high risk groups such as street children, orphans,and children with disabilities, child laborers, kamaiya and dalits. The enrollment of children in ECD centres has increased rapidly over the years, GER has increased from 11.7% in 2000 to 41.4% in 2006. The intake rate at grade 1 with ECD exposure has increased from 9.6% in 2002 to 18.3% in 2006. The enrollment of boys and girls is almost the same. And there is no marked difference in terms of enrollment of dalit and janajati and others. Obviously the development trend towards achieving the ECD goal for EFA is remarkable. However the challenge still exists in terms of achieving the set target, e.g. by 2009 the target is to achieve 51%. There is regional difference regarding the growth of GER. The other important aspect relates to quality of ECD provisions which is rather very poor in most of the school based as well as community based centers. The issues and challenges of ECD mainly relates to the parental awareness and involvement, qualification and training of the facilitators, and capacity of the system. There is still a need for the development of the norms and standards regarding the qualification of the ECD workers, there is still a need to develop criteria for implementing ECD programs at the district level. Parental advocacy in a systemic way is another important need.
#Education #EducationForAll
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Publisher:
GoN, UNESCO
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(2007)
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Type / Script:
Progress Report
in English
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Keywords:
EDUCATION, EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING, RIGHT TO EDUCATION, ADULT EDUCATION, WOMEN'S EDUCATION, NON-FORMAL EDUCATION, TECHNICAL EDUCATION
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION, WOMEN'S EDUCATION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, ILLITERACY, ILLITERATES, LITERACY PROGRAMMES, ILLITERATES, BASIC EDUCATION, POVERTY, GENDER EQUALITY, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, ETHNIC GROUPS, CAPACITY BUILDING, SECONDARY EDUCATION, HIGHER EDUCATION, COMMUNICATONS, MASS MEDIA, SOCIAL GROUPS
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Thematic Group:
UNESCO
:
Educational, Scientific and Cultural
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Thesaurus:
11.01.00
- Educational Policy And Planning
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